6 categories of biofuels best
6 categories of biofuels best
British science magazine New Scientist recently introduced six types of biofuels best in the future.
The types of biofuels - are formed from compounds derived fauna - hailed as a clean energy source and safe for pollution reduction in the future. But really we have to bring the full benefit?
Let's look at the latest figures from a number of major crops to supply biofuel:
1. Sugarcane
Sugarcane is grown mainly in tropical areas, is providing raw material for the sugar processing plant. Distilled from sugar cane juice to create ethanol, bio fuels can supply the vehicles. Moreover, bagasse is also burned to produce bioelectricity.
Brazil is the largest exporter of sugar cane in the world. In this country, oil production request contains at least 22% of bioethanol, it also aims to encourage the use of more bio-electricity.
According to the Association of Brazilian Sugarcane Industry (UNICA), Brazil produced over 487 million tons of sugarcane during the 2007-2008 harvest sugarcane on an area of 7.8 million hectares - accounts for 2% of the arable land available both water.
2. Palm oil 
Palm oil is extracted mainly from the oil palm fruit - trees grown in popularity in Southeast Asia, South America and Africa. Left palm oil has uses: as food, livestock feed, processed soap and biofuel.
Currently, an estimated 47 million tons of palm oil are produced every year, of which Malaysia and Indonesia account for 85% of global palm oil production. Last year, Malaysia has more than 5 million hectares of oil palm and production of 18.9 million tonnes of crude palm oil.
Unfortunately, environmental activists are worried the controversial and Malaysia cut down rainforests to expand oil palm plantation area and this poses a serious threat to the orangutan is at risk extinction.
3. Rape
In 2006, 47 million tonnes of canola oil - extracted from rapeseed - were produced worldwide. In which European Union (EU) produced over 1/3 of the oil, while China, Canada and India, the top producers of oils.
Canola oil is used in foods for animals and now also for humans. This oil is also improved converted into biodiesel can be used in most diesel engines.
However, scientists are concerned that biofuel production will create high levels of nitrous oxide - a greenhouse gas 300 times more potent than CO2. At a general way, compared with fossil fuels, they produce 70% more greenhouse gases.
4. Wood 
In Europe there are a number of power plants using wood biomass wood fuels, such in the town of Lockerbie, south west Scotland. This power plant uses 450,000 tons of wood / 1 year and can generate 44 MV - enough to provide energy for 70,000 homes.
5. Soybean Plants
In the U.S., there are 4 billion liters of biodiesel manufactured in 2011, more than 3 times higher than in 2010. Among them, there are 90% of all vegetable oils are produced from soybeans.
Soybeans can be used as animal feed and for processing for human drinking water. In addition, soybean oil are also used to develop the industry paint and ink.
As crops rich in protein, beans are often planted in each crop rotation with corn, also favored for the production of bioethanol.
6. Algae
But is not the source of biofuels are produced commercially, but algae is currently being implemented in NASA's OMEGA project methodology is capturing carbon and biofuel production.
Unicellular green algae Chlorella vulgaris grow well in wastewater industry and are interested in aquaculture research. NASA declared the main advantages of algae compared to the production of crops for biofuels is that without soil and fertilizer.
